支气管哮喘(以下简称哮喘)是一种以慢性气道炎症为特征的异质性疾病,患者通常存在广泛而多变的可逆性呼气气流受限,表现为反复发作的喘息、气促、胸闷和咳嗽等症状。哮喘症状的特点为强度随时间变化,常有诱发因素(如运动、过敏原或刺激物暴露、天气变化或病毒性呼吸道感染)。同时,哮喘的症状和气流受限可自行或经治疗后缓解,患 Bronchial asthma (hereinafter referred to as asthma) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation. Patients usually have a broad and varied reversible expiratory airflow limitation, manifested as recurrent wheezing, shortness of breath, tightness in the chest And cough and other symptoms. Asthma symptoms are characterized by intensity changes over time and are often associated with predisposing factors such as exercise, allergen or irritant exposure, weather changes or viral respiratory infections. At the same time, asthma symptoms and airflow restrictions can be relieved or affected by themselves or after treatment