“盐丘”这两个字对学地质的人是很熟悉的,因为它常常即是石油的贮集的处所。但是对一般人说来,“盐丘”还是一个比较生疏的名词,现在让我简单的介绍一下: 盐丘的构造盐丘是地下的岩盐受力的作用向上隆起而造成的,规模的大小和外表的形式,世界各地都不相同,如美国南部墨西哥湾沿岸地区的盐丘,盐体都呈圆柱形,在德国的则呈狭长的盐岗和对称的穹隆形,在伊朗的则多贯穿着地面,规模也非常的宏大。盐丘主要可分为盐心和顶岩二部分。盐心部分是一很大的盐柱,高度在数千公尺以上,所以现在除离地表较近的一段知道得较详细外,底部情形到底若何,不得而知。美国的盐心内部不含其他杂质,在德国者则不然。覆在盐心上面的就是顶岩,主要成分为无水石膏,石膏及方解石三种矿物,其他如硫磺、黄铁矿、重晶石、天青石、石云石、石英、霰石及方铅矿等,为量多少不等。这些顶岩的成因可能本来就沉积在盐体的上面,当盐体上升时一起跟着上来的。也可能 The word “saltock” is familiar to those who study geology because it is often the place where oil is stored. However, to the average person, “salt hill” is still a relatively unfamiliar term. Now let me briefly introduce it: The salt dome is the result of the upward swelling of the underground rock salt and its size and appearance. The forms are not the same in all parts of the world. For example, the salt domes on the Gulf of Mexico coast in the southern part of the United States have cylindrical bodies. In Germany, they are long and narrow, with salt domes and symmetrical domes. In Iran, they are often worn on the ground. The scale is also very grand. Salt dome can be divided into two parts: salt core and top rock. The salt core is part of a large salt column, which is more than a few thousand meters in height. Therefore, it is not known whether the bottom part is more detailed than the one that is closer to the surface. Salt in the United States does not contain other impurities inside, but it is not true in Germany. Overlying the salt core is the top rock. The main components are anhydrite, gypsum and calcite. The others are sulfur, pyrite, barite, celestite, stone, quartz, vermiculite and galena. Wait, for how much the amount varies. The origin of these top rocks may have been deposited on the top of the salt body and followed up when the salt rises. also possible