葡萄球菌(下称葡菌)是人类上呼吸道、皮肤和肠道的正常菌群之一。一般人带菌率为40%,医务人员为70%,以鼻前庭处为最多。新生儿生后5天10～90%带菌,脐部较鼻前庭带菌早。1岁后鼻部带菌为20～40%。病人住院1周约半数带菌。大多数人于一生中均有过葡菌性皮肤感染,由于皮肤的屏障作用,仅少数发展为全身性严重感染。国外在50年代金黄色葡菌(下称金葡菌)已取代链球菌 Staphylococcus aureus (hereinafter referred to as Staphylococcus aureus) is one of the normal flora of human upper respiratory tract, skin and intestinal tract. Most people with bacteria rate of 40%, medical staff was 70% to the nasal vestibule at most. Neonatal 5 days after birth, 10 to 90% with bacteria, umbilical nasal vestibular bacteria earlier. 1 year after the nose with 20 to 40% of bacteria. About one-half of patients hospitalized with bacteria. Most people have had a bacterial infection of the skin during their lifetime. Due to the barrier function of the skin, only a few develop severe systemic infections. Foreign in the 50’s Staphylococcus aureus (hereinafter referred to as Staphylococcus aureus) has replaced Streptococcus