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胃肠道的出血,为消化性溃疡的最常见的并发症之一,表现为呕血,便血,或大便仅呈阳性隐血反应。呕血不一定表示有大量出血的存在,同样黑粪亦可因小量之出血而来,为求其涵义正确起见,应避免用“大量出血”一词。但如大量的呕血和大便出现鲜血而伴有休克者则惟有在真正的大量出血时才能见到。对于出血程度的估计病人的预后和治疗,特别在是否宜于施行手术的问题上,有赖于对出血的程度及早地作出最近似的估计。关于这一点莫氏(Morlock)于参考赫氏(Hoerr)等的资料后提出以下的分类以供估计出血程度的参考。1.中等度的出血——出血量是中等度
Gastrointestinal bleeding, one of the most common complications of peptic ulcer, manifested as hematemesis, blood in the stool, or stool only positive occult blood reaction. Hematemesis does not necessarily mean there is a large number of bleeding, the same black manure can also come from a small amount of bleeding, in order to correct its meaning, the word “massive bleeding” should be avoided. However, such as a large number of hematemesis and stool blood appeared in patients with shock only when the real massive bleeding can see. Estimation of the degree of bleeding Prognosis and treatment of patients, especially in the issue of whether it is appropriate to perform surgery, depends on the extent of bleeding to make the most approximate estimate. In this regard, Morlock proposed the following classification for reference to estimate the extent of bleeding after making reference to Hoerr et al. 1. Moderate bleeding - the amount of bleeding is moderate