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吸烟是冠心病的三大危险因子(吸烟、高血压、高胆固醇血症)之一,实验和流行病学调查均已证实。Hammond对50～69岁的男性187,783人进行44个月的观察,在观察期间死亡总数11,870人,其中63%因心脏和脑血管病而死,单冠心病死亡者就占总数的44.6%。冠心病的死亡率随吸烟量的增加而增高,即每日吸纸烟10支以下组,冠心病的死亡率是非吸烟组的1.29倍;每日吸纸烟10～20支组为非吸烟组的1.88倍;每日吸纸烟20～40支组为非吸烟组的2.15倍,每日吸纸烟40支以上组为非吸烟组的2.41倍。Wilhelmsson对405例心肌梗塞患者追踪24个月,忌烟组与继续吸烟组相比,非致死性再发性心肌梗塞减少一半。吸烟后进行运动,对原有心绞痛的患者极易激发心绞痛的发作,其原因是尼古丁能增加心肌的耗氧量,碳氧血红蛋白减少对心肌的供氧。
Smoking is one of the three major risk factors of coronary heart disease (smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia), and both experimental and epidemiological investigations have confirmed it. Hammond observed 187,783 men aged 50-69 for 44 months, with 11,870 deaths during the observation period, 63% of whom died of heart and cerebrovascular disease and 44.6% of those who died of single coronary heart disease. Coronary heart disease mortality increased with the increase in the amount of smoking, that is, smoking cigarettes a day less than 10 groups, the mortality rate of coronary heart disease was 1.29 times that of non-smoking group; 10 to 20 cigarettes a day for non-smoking group 1.88 Times. There were 2.15 times of 20 to 40 cigarettes per day for smoking groups and 2.41 times for more than 40 cigarettes per day for non-smoking cigarettes. Wilhelmsson tracked 405 patients with myocardial infarction for 24 months, with no-fat group halving non-fatal recurrent myocardial infarction compared with those continuing smoking. Smoking after exercise, the original angina patients easily trigger angina pectoris, the reason is that nicotine can increase myocardial oxygen consumption, carboxyhemoglobin to reduce myocardial oxygen supply.