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为研究突发性水污染事件中水资源损失的评估方法,以某次突发性油类污染事件为例,探索了影子价格法、虚拟成本法和排污收费法在应急处置阶段水资源损失评估中的应用,并对评估结果进行了比较分析,最后讨论了3种方法的适用性及其量化结果的合理性。结果表明,3种方法从不同角度量化的水资源损失存在一定差异,在给定的案例条件下,3种方法量化结果大小顺序为影子价格法>虚拟成本法>排污收费法。此外,3种方法均存在一定的不确定性因素,并且评估所需参数和操作难易程度也各不相同,因而在实际评估过程中可根据资料的完整度及适用程度灵活应用。
In order to study the assessment method of water resources loss in sudden water pollution incidents, taking a sudden oil pollution incident as an example, this paper explores the shadow price method, virtual cost method and sewage collection method in water resources loss assessment In the end, the applicability of the three methods and the rationality of their quantification results are discussed. The results show that there are some differences in water resources loss quantified by the three methods from different perspectives. Under the given case conditions, the order of quantification of the three methods is the shadow price method, the virtual cost method, and the sewage collection method. In addition, all three methods have certain uncertainties, and the parameters required for evaluation and the ease of operation vary. Therefore, the three methods can be applied flexibly according to the completeness and applicability of the data in the actual evaluation process.