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研究小麦白粉病菌群体对温度的敏感性及其与毒性的关系,可为气候变化背景下小麦白粉病的长期发生趋势预测和防治提供依据。本研究对2013年采自云南、四川、河南、北京和陕西五省(市)的小麦白粉菌标样进行分离纯化,获得90个单孢子堆分离物,采用小麦离体叶段法进行温度敏感性测定,并利用32个已知抗病基因品种(系)进行毒性测定,且对两者之间的相关性进行分析。结果表明,供试菌株ET_(50)分布于19.78℃~25.15℃,平均ET_(50)为23.22℃,其中73.34%的供试菌株ET_(50)值介于22℃到24℃之间,小于22℃的菌株占10%,大于24℃的菌株占16.67%。利用Popgen1.32软件对5个省(市)小麦白粉病菌群体的毒性进行多样性分析,结果表明五省市小麦白粉菌群体毒性水平上的多样性指数H值为0.237 0,其中四川群体毒性多样性水平最高,Nei’s基因多样性指数H值为0.221 2,河南群体最低,H值为0.197 5。小麦白粉菌群体对温度敏感性与毒性多样性相关性分析结果表明,ET_(50)与毒性多样性(H和I值)间存在显著的负相关。
Studying the temperature sensitivity of wheat powdery mildew and its relationship with toxicity may provide the basis for the long-term trend prediction and control of wheat powdery mildew under the background of climate change. In this study, 90 powdery mildew isolates were isolated and purified from the wheat powdery mildew collected from five provinces (cities) in Yunnan, Sichuan, Henan, Beijing and Shaanxi provinces in 2013. Wheat leaf segments were used for temperature-sensitive The determination of toxicity was carried out using 32 known resistance gene varieties (lines), and the correlation between them was analyzed. The results showed that the ET_ (50) of the tested strains distributed between 19.78 ℃ and 25.15 ℃, and the average ET_ (50) was 23.22 ℃. The ET_ (50) value of 73.34% of the tested strains ranged from 22 ℃ to 24 ℃, 22 ℃ strains accounted for 10%, more than 24 ℃ strains accounted for 16.67%. Using Popgen1.32 software to analyze the diversity of wheat powdery mildew groups in five provinces (cities), the results showed that the diversity index of wheat powdery mildew groups in five provinces and cities was 0.237 0, among which, The highest level of sex, Nei’s gene diversity index H value was 0.221 2, Henan group lowest, H value was 0.197 5. Correlation analysis of temperature sensitivity and toxicity diversity of wheat powdery mildew showed that there was a significant negative correlation between ET_ (50) and toxicity diversity (H and I).