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【目的】探讨促进婴幼儿神经行为发育的优化模式,以便临床有效指导。【方法】将180例生后28 d的正常足月婴儿分为优化组(孕期保健+常规儿童保健+早期发展指导)、常规组(常规儿童保健)和单一组(定期预防接种)。婴儿生后28 d,进行问卷调查、体格检查和新生儿20项神经行为评定。婴儿生后6、12、18和24个月,进行体格检查、血液学检测和Gesell发育诊断量表测试。【结果】优化组神经行为发育商数最高(116.75±7.69),常规组次之(99.52±10.11),单一组最低(93.61±11.42);优化组与单一组比较差异具有高度统计学意义(t=28.341,P<0.01)。【结论】常规儿童保健与早期发展指导和孕期保健相结合,是促进婴幼儿神经行为发育的最佳模式。
【Objective】 To explore the optimal mode of promoting neurobehavioral development in infants and young children so as to guide clinical effectively. [Methods] 180 full-term infants of 28 days after birth were divided into two groups: the optimized group (prenatal care + regular child care + early development guidance), the conventional group (regular child care) and the single group (regular vaccination). 28 d after birth, questionnaires, physical examination and neonatal 20 neurobehavioral assessment. At 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after birth, physical exams, hematological tests, and Gesell Developmental Diagnostic Tests were performed. 【Results】 The optimal number of neurobehavioral development in the optimized group was the highest (116.75 ± 7.69), followed by the conventional group (99.52 ± 10.11) and the lowest in the single group (93.61 ± 11.42). The difference between the optimized group and the single group was highly statistically significant = 28.341, P <0.01). 【Conclusion】 The combination of routine child care and guidance of early development and pregnancy care is the best model to promote neurobehavioral development in infants.