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随着五口通商的开始,中国外贸集中于广州的历史被打破了。于是,进出口商品源源不断地流入五口,尤其是上海。上海自1843年11月被辟为商埠后,对外贸易逐年增长,第二年的对英贸易额为广州的十分之一,第三年接近三分之一,第四年达到广州的40％,1853年便超出广州跃居全国榜首,①并逐渐成为外贸中心。若把19世纪60年代前后我国主要进出口商品从上海输入出所占全国同类商品输入出总值的比重列出,大致可见这点。五口通商时期,我国最大宗进口商品是鸦片和棉纺织品,尤其以鸦片为主、比重通常占全国进口商品总值的50％以上。上海
With the beginning of the five-trade talks, the history of China’s foreign trade concentrated in Guangzhou was broken. As a result, a steady stream of import and export commodities into five, especially Shanghai. Since its establishment as a commercial port in Shanghai in November 1843, foreign trade has been increasing year by year. In the second year, the trade volume with Britain reached one tenth of that in Guangzhou, nearly one third in the third year and 40% in the fourth year. In 1853, it overtook Guangzhou to rank first in the country, and gradually became a foreign trade center. It can be generally seen that the percentage of imports of the same type of commodities imported from or taken out of Shanghai by the 60% During the five ports of commerce, the largest import commodities in our country were opium and cotton textiles, especially opium, accounting for more than 50% of the total value of the country’s imports. Shanghai