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现有的会话分析研究认为优先组织是言谈应对的结构特征,与交际者的个人欲望或心理倾向没有任何关系。我们认为这种抛弃语言使用者的心理因素,单纯关注语言结构的做法是不合适的。言谈应对是交际者在具体交际情境下的思想活动的体现,优先组织也不例外。非优先结构本质上是伤面子行为在言语层面的体现,交际者对于面子的考虑是他们进行话轮设计的决定因素之一。交际者对于伤面子行为的理解和文化认同是其构建具有非优先组织特征之话轮的前提和基础,即优先组织的礼貌解读。
The existing conversational analysis holds that the priority organization is the structural feature of speech response and has nothing to do with the communicator’s personal desire or psychological inclination. We think it inappropriate to abandon the psychological factors of language users and simply focus on the language structure. Speech coping is a manifestation of communicators’ thought activities in concrete communicative situations. Priority organizations are no exception. Non-priority structure is essentially the verbal aspect of the facial expression, and the communicator’s consideration of the face is one of the determinants of their design. Communicators’ understanding of face-breaking behavior and cultural identity are the preconditions and foundations of constructing a non-preferential organizational feature, that is, polite interpretation of priority organizations.