一、概述地震时作为应急疏散和运送治安、救护和抢修人员的道路,公路与铁道都有重要的作用,必须保护其不受阻挠。而公路和铁道往往遭受地震破坏、运输中断。公路的桥梁、路堤、路堑、山洞、涵洞和路面都容易遭受破坏。虽然在过去一些地震时没有发生城市道路破坏的情况,但应预计到城市街道上是会发生陷坑的。因为那些街道为修建地铁和地下工程挖开后再填起来的,这样的地 I. Overview As an emergency evacuation and delivery of law and order, ambulances and repairing personnel during the earthquake, roads and railways all play an important role and must be protected. Roads and railways are often damaged by earthquakes and transportation is interrupted. Road bridges, embankments, road cuts, caves, culverts and pavements are vulnerable to damage. Although no urban road damage has occurred in some of the past earthquakes, it is expected that craters may occur in urban streets. Because those streets were filled up after digging up the subway and underground works, and so on