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张三丰是元明之际的著名道士,明史有传,多年栖止于湖北武当山,首创武当拳术,言行怪异而声望极高。受明代几位皇帝歆仰却避而不见,行踪飘忽不知所终。有《张三丰全集》传世,武当山并建有“遇真宫”专祀其人。任继愈主编《中国道教史》称其为“吕洞宾以来最富魅力的’活神仙”。相关的口头传说于近期经评审被列入湖北第四批非物质文化遗产保护名录。刘守华教授曾七上武当山考察研究民间道教文化,《论张三丰传说》一文刊于1993年的《华中师范大学学报》,受到学界关注。本文就张三丰传说圈的时空特征及文化价值作进一步申述,并用比较故事学方法和同型异质的浙江济公传说作了有趣比较。
Zhang Sanfeng was a famous Taoist during the Yuan and Ming dynasties. There was a biography of Ming Dynasty. For many years, he was persecuted in the Wudang Mountains in Hubei Province and pioneered Wudang Boxing. By the Ming Dynasty Emperor Xin Yang but avoided, whereabouts disappeared. The “Complete Works of Zhang Sanfeng” handed down, Wudang Mountains and built “Yuzhen Palace ” to worship their people. Ren Jiyu, chief editor of “History of Chinese Taoism,” calls it “the most attractive” living fairy "ever since Lv Dongbin. Relevant oral traditions have recently been included in the fourth list of non-material cultural heritage protection lists in Hubei. Prof. Liu Shouhua inspected and studied the Taoism culture of Wudang Mountain on the Seven Wudang Mountains, and the Journal of Huazhong Normal University published in 1993 on the Legend of Zhang Sanfeng won the attention of scholars. This article further elaborates the spatio - temporal characteristics and cultural values of Zhang Sanfeng ’s legend circle and makes an interesting comparison with the comparative story - telling method and the homogenous heterogeneous Jizhi Legend in Zhejiang Province.