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“知识分子”是俄罗斯文化背景下的特殊文化现象,也是俄国思想史的一个核心问题。19世纪30—40年代,俄国知识分子群体形成,俄国化的“知识分子”概念也随之被大大地强化了源于古代希腊罗马文化的思维层面、心理层面和意识层面的原生意义,并且被赋予了独特的俄国文化背景下的哲学、道德和社会层面的扩展意义。东正教文化土壤为俄国“知识分子”概念增加了浓厚的“弥赛亚意识”和“普世主义”含意,使俄国知识分子自觉承担起社会现实的审视者和“社会良心”的角色。
“Intellectuals ” is a special cultural phenomenon under the background of Russian culture and is also a core issue of the history of Russian thoughts. From the 30s to the 40s of the 19th century, the concept of “intellectuals” of Russian intellectuals formed and ruled by Russians was also greatly strengthened the original meaning of the spiritual, psychological and consciousness levels of ancient Greek and Roman cultures. And is given a unique Russian cultural context of the philosophical, moral and social extension of the meaning. The Orthodox cultural soil adds a strong “Messianic” and “universal” meaning to the concept of “intellectuals” in Russia, allowing the Russian intellectuals to consciously assume the social reality of the reviewers and the “society Conscience ”role.