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1983-1987年在江苏淮南地区稻板茬上进行一系列试验表明:少免耕小麦具有早发、根量较多集于表土、中后期易脱力早衰等特性。其高产群体的形成可从下列方面数量化地归纳成生长模式:小麦生理年龄与季节进程优化同步;茎蘖动态与生育进程优化同步;LAI及干物量依生育进程合理发展。模式的调控,首先应在最佳播种期内,据茬口、墒情优选少免耕播种方式与配套播种程序;其次据供肥需肥特性,因土确定基、追肥数量,按苗类决定拔节孕穗肥施用时期与数量;并还以化学措施与农艺结合的方法控制草害与小麦倒伏。
A series of experiments on rice stubble from Huainan area in 1983-1987 showed that less tillage-free wheat had earlier-onset, higher root volume than topsoil, and early-late-prone detachment. The formation of high-yielding populations can be quantitatively summarized as growth patterns from the following aspects: the physiological age of wheat is synchronized with the seasonal process optimization; the stem-tiller dynamics is synchronized with the growth process; the LAI and dry matter yield develop rationally according to the process of reproduction. Mode of regulation, the first should be the best sowing period, according to crop stubble, soil moisture less preferred tillage sowing methods and matching sowing procedures; followed by the characteristics of supply and demand for fertilizer, because of the soil to determine the base, the number of topdressing, Fertilizer application period and quantity; and also with chemical measures and agronomic methods to control grass and wheat lodging.