论文部分内容阅读
预防乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)的水平感染,可分3部分:①切断感染途径;②使用HB疫苗预防其发生;③感染后采取的措施。1.切断感染途径因为血液是主要的感染源,所以献血血液必须按RPHA法检查HBs抗原。既使10~(-8)ml e抗原阳性血进入体内也有感染的可能。很多医源性感染都是由注射所致,并且是存注射器套上套管时发生。使用后不要套上注射器,要把注射器放到专用的容器内,彻底处理医用废物,手术衣等物品上附着的血迹要尽量清除,附着血迹一定要用流水充分洗涤。对于被污染的器材、衣物的消毒灭菌原则是①加热灭菌,焚烧、高压、干热、煮沸;②药物消毒,氯类1000ppm/小时;非氯类可用2%戊二醛、氧化乙烯气体,甲醛气体。以血液为
Prevention of hepatitis B virus (HBV) level infection can be divided into three parts: ① cut off the infection; ② use of HB vaccine to prevent its occurrence; ③ measures taken after infection. 1. Cut off the route of infection Because blood is the main source of infection, blood donation must be tested according to RPHA HBs antigen. Even 10 ~ (-8) ml e antigen-positive blood into the body also have the possibility of infection. Many iatrogenic infections are caused by injections and occur when the syringe is placed over the cannula. Do not put on the syringe after use, the syringe should be placed in a dedicated container, thoroughly disposing of medical waste, surgical clothing and other items attached to the blood to try to clear, the blood must be attached to the full wash with running water. For contaminated equipment, sterilization of clothing sterilization principle is ① heat sterilization, incineration, high pressure, dry heat, boiling; ② drug disinfection, chloride 1000ppm / hour; non-chlorine available 2% glutaraldehyde, ethylene oxide gas Formaldehyde gas. With blood for