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一、引言作物产量的高低,标志着它生长的好坏。不同品种在同样环境条件下产量有高有低,正是它们生产能力有高有低的表现,因而产量成为鉴定品种优劣的主要依据。作物的经济产量,虽然取决于许多因素,但在很大程度上与光合作用同化的碳素量减去呼吸作用消耗的碳素量所得差值的大小,有着密切的关系。上述差值在不同种的作物是很不相同的。一般说来,C_4植物的光合效率比C_3植物大,光呼吸比C_3植物低,这个差值便较C_3植物大,有机物的积累显然也比较多。水稻、棉花、
I. INTRODUCTION The level of crop yield marks the quality of its growth. The yield of different varieties under the same environmental conditions is high and low, which is the result of their high and low productivity. Therefore, the yield has become the main basis for identifying the advantages and disadvantages of different varieties. The economic yield of crops, though depending on many factors, is closely related to the difference in the amount of carbon absorbed by photosynthesis minus the amount of carbon consumed for respiration. The difference between the different crops is very different. Generally speaking, the photosynthetic efficiency of C_4 plants is higher than that of C_3 plants and the photorespiration is lower than that of C_3 plants. This difference is larger than that of C_3 plants, and the accumulation of organic matter is obviously more. Rice, cotton,