小学语文课本所选古诗大多为五言、七言绝句,四句话组成一首诗。但从现代汉语的语法角度看,每一诗句并不都是一个句子,有些比句子小,是短语;有一些则比句子大,是复句。弄清它们是何种语言单位,对于理解诗句意思,进行正确翻译很有裨益。下面就以课本为例,进行古诗句的语法分析。一、两诗句构成一个单句,诗句为短语1.上句为主语部分,下句为谓语部分。如“江上往来人,但爱鲈鱼美。”上句“江上往来人”为名词短语,是主语部分,下句“但爱鲈鱼美”为动词短语,是谓语部分,连成一个单句就是:江上来来往往的人,只喜爱鲈鱼的味道鲜美。与此类似的还有:“墙角数 Primary school Chinese textbooks are mostly selected for the ancient poems, seven quatrains, four sentences form a poem. However, from the perspective of grammar in modern Chinese, each verse is not always a sentence. Some are smaller than sentences and are phrases. Others are larger than sentences and complex sentences. To find out what language units they are is helpful for understanding the meaning of verses and for translating them correctly. The following textbook, for example, the grammar analysis of ancient poetry. One or two verses form a single sentence, a poem is a phrase 1. The last sentence is the subject part, the next sentence is the predicate part. Such as ”on the river, but love perch beautiful. “ On the sentence ”river people“ as the noun phrase is the subject part, the next sentence ”but love perch beauty “ is the verb phrase, is part of the predicate Into a sentence is: people coming and going on the river, only love sea bass taste delicious. Similar to this: ”Number of corners