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勒夏特列原理是一个普遍原理,它不仅适用于一般的化学平衡,还适用于其他的与化学有关的平衡。本文将中学阶段遇到的各类平衡综述如下。一、溶解平衡1.讨论“同离子效应”对物质溶解度大小的影响某物质在含有该物质离子的溶液中的溶解度要比在纯水中小,即所谓的“同离子效应”。下面通过几个实例对此作以分析:(1)用饱和食盐水收集氯气。根据“Cl_2(g)(?)Cl_2(aq),Cl_2+H_2O(?)H~++Cl~-+HClO”平衡可知,在饱和食盐水中相当于增加了 Cl~-。如果在密闭容
Le Chatelier’s principle is a general rule that applies not only to the general chemical equilibrium but also to other chemical-related balances. This article will be encountered in secondary school all kinds of balance are summarized below. First, the balance of dissolution 1. Discussion “Effect of the same ion” on the degree of substance solubility The solubility of a substance in a solution containing the substance ions is smaller than in pure water, the so-called “same ion effect.” Here are a few examples of this for analysis: (1) with saturated brine to collect chlorine. According to the equilibrium of “Cl_2 (g) (?) Cl_2 (aq), Cl_2 + H_2O (?) H ~ ++ Cl ~ - + HClO”, it is equivalent to increasing Cl ~ - in saturated salt solution. If in airtight capacity