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90年代初,工业发达国家雇佣劳动者的收入发生了重大变化。在作为工人和职员生存手段的工资中,各种附加工资起越来越重要的作用。在许多国家,各种额外收入来源,如利润分享、“企业成果”分享、股份和积累资金分享,也起重要作用。此外,许多类别的工人和职员,除了主要工作的工资收入外,还有第二职业收入。这种收入通常是不公开的,因而不交税和不交纳各种社会基金缴款。最后,非正规经济(地下经济和影子经济)中的雇用工作也完全是隐蔽的收入形式。
In the early 1990s, significant changes have taken place in the incomes of wage-workers in industrialized countries. In the wage as a means of subsistence for workers and staff, various supplementary pay plays an increasingly important role. In many countries, various sources of additional income, such as profit sharing, sharing of “business achievements”, sharing of shares and accumulation of funds, also play an important role. In addition, many categories of workers and staff, in addition to the main job of wage income, there are second professional income. This income is usually not public, so do not pay taxes and do not pay all kinds of social fund contributions. Finally, hiring in the informal economy (underground economy and shadow economy) is also a completely hidden form of income.