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目的分析芜湖市麻疹疑似病例血清抗体水平,提高麻疹和风疹诊断水平。方法采集2010~2015年疑似麻疹病例1 204份血清,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)对血清标本进行Ig M抗体检测。结果 6年共检测标本1204份,其中麻疹Ig M抗体阳性267份,总阳性率为22.18%;风疹Ig M抗体258份,总阳性率检为21.43%。不同年份麻疹、风疹抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);麻疹抗体阳性率男女差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同月份麻疹、风疹病例构成差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);麻疹发病高峰主要在3~6月份,0~1岁婴幼儿与16岁及以上人群是主要感染者;风疹发病高峰集中在4~6月份,6~25岁人群为主要发病人群。结论 16岁以上人群已成为本地区麻疹发病主要人群,风疹发病以青少年为主。
Objective To analyze the level of serum antibody in suspected cases of measles in Wuhu and to improve the diagnostic level of measles and rubella. Methods A total of 1 204 serum samples were collected from 2010 to 2015 in which measles cases were detected. Serum samples were tested for Ig M by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results A total of 1204 specimens were detected in 6 years, of which 267 were positive for measles IgM antibody, with a total positive rate of 22.18%. Rubella Ig M antibody was detected in 258 samples with a total positive rate of 21.43%. The positive rate of measles antibody in different years was significantly different (P <0.05). The positive rate of measles antibody was significantly different between men and women (P <0.05). The differences of measles and rubella in different months were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The peak incidence of measles was mainly in March-June. Infants aged 0-1 years and those aged 16 years and older were the major ones. The highest incidence of rubella was in April-June, while the population aged 6-25 years old was the major one. Conclusion The population over 16 years of age has become the main population of measles in the region. The incidence of rubella is mainly adolescents.