我国北方大部分地区在冬季低温时,广泛使用着各种类型的负温外加剂,绝大部分尚未出现什么严重问题,据工程单位反映,认为有些其质量还是不错的。但这许多防冻剂,其组成差别不大,效果也不甚悬殊,作用基本相当,一个通病就是掺加量均过大,这会带来一系列问题,且其中许多组分的作用十分模糊。另一个问题是这些负温外加剂的作用原理到底如何,这足一个急待深入研究的问题。弄清楚或基本上了解了负温外加剂的作用,对于合理 In most regions of northern China, various types of negative temperature additives are widely used in winter when the temperature is low, and most of them have not encountered any serious problems. According to engineering units, some of them are considered to be of good quality. However, many of these antifreeze agents have little difference in composition and their effects are not very different. The effect is basically the same. A common problem is that the blending amount is too large. This will bring a series of problems, and the role of many of these components is very vague. Another question is how exactly these negative temperature additives act. This is an issue that needs urgent research. To understand or basically understand the role of negative temperature additives, for reasonable