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目的研究低氧训练及复氧训练对大鼠EPO-EPOR的影响。方法经过适应性训练和力竭实验筛选出的60只SD雄性大鼠,分成6组,保证每组大鼠体重,力竭时间、力竭血乳酸等基本一致,双盲抽签确定分组:①低住低练组,②高住高练组,③高住低练组,④低住高练组,⑤高住高练复氧训练组,⑥高住低练复氧训练组。采用水平跑台进行耐力训练,训练强度为常氧下35 m/min,低氧下30 m/min,1 h/d,5 d/周,低氧训练6周,复氧训练1周。最后一次训练后恢复48 h取血和腓肠肌。ELISA法测血清EPO,免疫组化法测定肾脏EPO、骨骼肌EPO、EPOR,实时定量PCR测腓肠肌EPO mRNA和EPOR mRNA表达。结果高住高练组较低住低练组大鼠骨骼肌EPO mRNA和EPOR mRNA表达均有高度显著性升高(P<0.01),高住低练组与低住低练组相比骨骼肌EPO mRNA和EPOR mRNA表达有高度显著性(P<0.01)和显著性(P<0.05)升高。高住高练后复氧训练1周,血清EPO水平有显著性升高(P<0.05),骨骼肌EPO mRNA和EPOR mRNA表达有高度显著性降低(P<0.01),高住低练后复氧训练1周,骨骼肌EPO mRNA表达显著性降低(P<0.05),其余变化不大。EPO主要在肾脏皮质的胞浆中弥漫表达,与常氧安静对照组相比,低住低练组、高住高练组和高住低练组EPO表达较强;与高住高练和高住低练相比,高住高练后复氧训练组和高住低练后复氧训练组EPO表达都略有增强,都比常氧安静组强。结论引起EPO水平变化的原因不是缺氧,而是氧浓度的变化,并且可能会有低氧持续暴露时间和氧浓度适当匹配性。骨骼肌EPO-EPOR mRNA系统的表达受血清EPO浓度的影响,当血清EPO浓度较高时,抑制了骨骼肌EPO-EPOR mRNA系统的表达,骨骼肌EPOmRNA表达与血清EPO有显著负关(r=-0.676),同时,骨骼肌EPO mRNA与EPOR mRNA之间有非常显著相关关系(r=0.918)。
Objective To investigate the effects of hypoxia training and reoxygenation training on EPO-EPOR in rats. Methods Sixty SD male rats screened by adaptive training and exhaustive experiments were divided into 6 groups to ensure that body weight, exhaustion time and lactic acid in exhaustive blood of each group were basically the same. Live in low training group, live in high training group, high living low training group, low living training group, high living training aerobic training group, high living low training aerobic training group. Endurance training was carried out with horizontal treadmill. The training intensity was 35 m / min under normoxia, 30 m / min under hypoxia, 1 h / d, 5 d / week, hypoxia training for 6 weeks and reoxygenation training for 1 week. Recovery 48 hours after the last training blood and gastrocnemius muscle. Serum EPO was measured by ELISA, and renal EPO, skeletal muscle EPO and EPOR were detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression of EPO mRNA and EPOR mRNA in gastrocnemius muscle were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. Results The expression of EPO mRNA and EPOR mRNA in skeletal muscle of high-performance training group and low-training-low training group were significantly increased (P <0.01) EPO mRNA and EPOR mRNA expression was highly significant (P <0.01) and significant (P <0.05) increased. After 1-week rehabilitative training, the levels of serum EPO increased significantly (P <0.05) and the expressions of EPO mRNA and EPOR mRNA decreased (P <0.01) One week after oxygen training, the expression of EPO mRNA in skeletal muscle decreased significantly (P <0.05), while the rest did not change much. EPO mainly diffusely expressed in the cytoplasm of renal cortex. Compared with normoxia-quiet control group, EPO expression was higher in low-abortion group, high-living-training group and high-living-low training group; Compared with living low training, the EPO expression of rehabilitative training group and rehabilitative training group of living high and low training slightly increased after high living and high training, all were better than that of normoxia quiet group. Conclusions The cause of changes in EPO levels is not hypoxia, but changes in oxygen concentration, and there may be an appropriate match between duration of hypoxia exposure and oxygen concentration. The expression of EPO-EPOR mRNA in skeletal muscle was affected by the concentration of serum EPO. When the concentration of EPO was high, the expression of EPO-EPOR mRNA in skeletal muscle was inhibited. The expression of EPO mRNA in skeletal muscle was negatively correlated with EPO (r = -0.676). Meanwhile, there was a significant correlation between EPO mRNA and EPOR mRNA (r = 0.918).