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“流域”概念广泛被用于水文和水资源管理研究中。而这一概念只是强调给定空间范围内水和物质的时间分布,且流域边界相对稳定。“水资源域”为在某一时段向河口或某一地点,传送水、水中营养物、泥沙或其它物质的空间范围。水资源域概念的提出,能够对水和物质随时间和空间二者相互变化的动态分布加以解释,综合考虑了不同尺度的时空即时变化对水资源及物质传播的影响。这一新概念应用遥感、空间分析、追踪及模拟技术分析流域空间模式与过程,为水资源探索、分析、模拟及预测提供了一种全新的方法与途径。本文提出并定义了“水资源域”的概念,然后应用分布式大流域模型计算了美国茅密河的水资源分布。
The concept of “watershed” is widely used in hydrological and water resources management research. This concept simply emphasizes the temporal distribution of water and matter within a given spatial extent and the basin boundaries are relatively stable. “Water resources domain ” is the spatial range of water, nutrients, silt or other substances in the water that are transported to a river mouth or a certain place at a certain time. The concept of water resource domain can explain the dynamic distribution of water and matter changing with time and space, and comprehensively consider the impact of temporal and spatial changes of different scales on water resources and material transmission. This new concept uses remote sensing, spatial analysis, tracking and simulation techniques to analyze spatial patterns and processes of watersheds and provides a new approach and approach to water resource exploration, analysis, simulation and prediction. This paper proposes and defines the concept of “water resources domain”, and then calculates the distribution of water resources in the Mao Mi River in the United States using the distributed catchment model.