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【目的】对早产儿与足月儿气质维度及类型进行比较,为早产儿的科学教养提供参考。【方法】采用国内标化的Carey婴儿气质问卷,对80名早产儿及80名足月儿进行气质评价。【结果】早产儿中难养型气质比例多于足月儿,在气质的九维度中,早产儿坚持性差、注意分散度高、易回避及反应阈低下,而活动水平、节律性、适应性、反应强度和情绪本质无差异。【结论】早产儿气质类型及特点与足月儿存在差异,应根据早产儿气质特点,采用更加有针对性的教养方式。
【Objective】 To compare the temperament dimensions and types of premature infants and full-term infants, and provide references for the scientific education of premature infants. 【Methods】 Eighty preterm infants and 80 full-term infants were evaluated for temperament using the standardized Carey infants questionnaire. 【Results】 The proportion of dystocia in premature infants was higher than that in term infants. Premature infants showed poor persistence, high attentional dispersion, easy avoidance and low response threshold in the nine dimensions of temperament, while activity level, rhythm and adaptability There was no difference in reaction intensity and emotional essence. 【Conclusion】 There are differences in temperament type and characteristics between preterm infants and full-term infants. According to the temperament characteristics of premature infants, a more targeted rearing mode should be adopted.