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目的了解本地中学生艾滋病知识知晓情况及其主要影响因素,为进一步开展有针对性的健康教育提供依据。方法通过分层整群抽样的方法,从初中和高中各抽取400人进行问卷调查。结果中学生艾滋病知识知晓率为95.63%,其中在一个感染了艾滋病病毒的人能从外表看出来吗?仅与一个性伴发生性行为可以降低艾滋病的传播吗?目前是否有药物能够治疗艾滋病,控制病情?和服用美沙酮是否可以阻止吸毒吗?回答正确率男生高于女生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05)。美沙酮替代毒品疗法知识回答正确率均低于30%。中学生艾滋病知识的主要来源途径为广播、报刊书籍和网络,其中广播、宣传栏广告栏、课堂讲授和文艺演出等途径不同选择方式得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05)。多因素logistic逐步回归分析显示,课堂讲授为中学生艾滋病知识的促进因素。结论中学生在艾滋病的认识上仍然存在着一些误区,应开展有针对性的健康教育加以纠正。
Objective To understand the knowledge of AIDS among local middle school students and its main influencing factors, and to provide the basis for further developing targeted health education. Methods By stratified cluster sampling method, 400 people were selected from middle school and high school for questionnaire survey. Results The awareness rate of AIDS among middle school students was 95.63%. Which of them could be seen by the appearance of a person infected with HIV? Can sexual transmission with only one partner reduce the spread of AIDS? Are there any drugs to cure AIDS? Is it possible to stop drug abuse when taking methadone? The correct answer rate is higher in boys than in girls, with a significant difference (P <0.01 or P <0.05). Methadone replacement drug therapy knowledge correct answer rate of less than 30%. The main sources of AIDS knowledge among middle school students are radio, newspapers and periodicals and internet. Among them, there are significant differences (P <0.01 or P <0.05) in different choice ways such as radio, bulletin boards, classroom teaching and performance. Multivariate logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that classroom teaching was a contributing factor to AIDS knowledge among middle school students. Conclusions There are still some misunderstandings among middle school students on HIV / AIDS awareness, which should be corrected by targeted health education.