报告在行输尿管镜检查中发现5例先天性输尿管瓣膜症,均经病理检查确诊。其中2例还在输尿管镜窥视下切除了叶瓣型瓣膜,取得满意疗效。表明通过输尿管镜检查不仅能直接观察管内病变形态,还可取活检,术前即可获得确诊,有助于选择最佳治疗方案。并对本病的腔内手术治疗适应证及注意事项等进行讨论。 Report in the line ureteroscopy found 5 cases of congenital ureteral valve disease, confirmed by pathological examination. Two of them also underwent ureteroscopic resection of the leaflet valve, and achieved satisfactory results. That by ureteroscopy can not only directly observe the pathological changes in the tube, but also take biopsy, preoperative diagnosis can be obtained, help to choose the best treatment options. And the intracavitary surgical treatment of indications and precautions are discussed.