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目的为视觉传导路病变的影像学诊断提供形态学依据。方法在26例成人尸体头部的连续冠状断层标本与6例活体成人头部磁共振连续冠状断层扫描图像上,研究视觉传导路的断层解剖。结果本研究辨认了视觉传导路5个关键冠状断层上的典型表现:1.视神经眶中段冠状断层呈圆形,位于眼眶中心偏内上方眶脂体内,周围包绕蛛网膜下隙和视神经鞘。2.视交叉冠状断层呈“一”字型横位分隔第三脑室底的视隐窝和漏斗隐窝,其上方是大脑前动脉A1段,下方正中邻垂体柄和灰结节,两侧是颈内动脉C2或C3段。3.视束中部冠状断层呈圆形夹在大脑脚底和杏仁体、尾状核尾之间,下方是脉络丛前动脉,继续向下在钩与大脑脚底之间是大脑后动脉P2段。4.外侧膝状体内侧邻大脑脚底,外侧是尾状核尾,下方是钩和大脑后动脉P2段。5.视辐射冠状断层参与构成侧脑室下角和后角外侧壁,视辐射与侧脑室后角之间隔簿层毯。头部磁共振冠状断层扫描对视觉传导路结构的辨认与连续冠状断层标本具有较好对应性。结论在冠状断层上,对视觉传导路结构的辨认,尤其是关键断层特征结构的辨认,为视觉传导路病变的影像学诊断提供形态学基础。
Objective To provide morphological evidence for the imaging diagnosis of visual conduction pathological changes. Methods The tomographic images of the visual pathway were studied on consecutive coronal CT images of 26 adult cadaver heads and 6 consecutive adult human heads under magnetic resonance imaging. Results This study identified typical features of five critical coronal sections of the visual pathway: 1. The medial orbital coronoid segment of the optic nerve is circular and located within the orbital liposome above orbital center, surrounding the subarachnoid space and the optic nerve sheath. 2. The optic chiasm coronary lesions were “a ” shaped transverse separation of the third ventricle at the bottom of the crypts and funnel recess, the top of the anterior cerebral artery segment A1, below the middle of the pituitary gland and gray nodules, Both sides of the internal carotid artery C2 or C3 segment. 3. The middle part of the ocular bundle is a circular clip in the cerebellum at the base of the foot and the apocrine amygdala, caudate nucleus caudal, below the choroid plexus anterior artery, continue down in the hook between the brain and the soles of the brain is the posterior cerebral artery P2 segment. 4. Lateral geniculate body adjacent to the instep of the brain, the caudate nucleus caudal, below the hook and the posterior cerebral artery P2 segment. 5. Radiation coronal involvement in the formation of lateral ventricle and posterior horn of the lateral wall, radiation and lateral ventricular posterior horn of the book layer blanket. Magnetic resonance tomography of the visual structure of the visual pathway and coronal CT specimens have good correspondence. Conclusion The identification of the structure of the visual pathway, especially the identification of the key features of the fault, provides a morphological basis for the imaging diagnosis of visual conduction pathology.