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本文论述了导致水土流失最根本的原因,其一是土壤干燥度的大小;其二是土层厚薄和坡度大小。文中还阐明了自然免耕法的实质,就是人们试图最大限度地和最长时间地消除土体内部水热气肥运移中所产生的种种矛盾,保证土壤结构长期处于通气、透水、导温、供肥的状态,其中最关键一点是土壤结构只能在长期免耕和不断接受毛管水浸润的情况下才能保证土壤含水量、孔隙率、导温率、供养率始终稳定而适当。同时说明自然免耕的技术体系可分为四大措施:连续免耕、连续垄作、连续浸润和连续植被。最后指出,中国水土保持应考虑两条腿走路的方针:一是采用自然免耕法最经济有效地防止冲刷造成的危害:另一是建造各种农田水利和造林护岸的工程,防止生态环境进一步恶化。
This article discusses the most fundamental causes of soil erosion, one is the size of the soil dryness; the other is the thickness of the soil layer and the size of the slope. The article also clarifies the essence of natural no-tillage, that is, people try to maximize and longest time to eliminate the internal contradictions arising from the transport of water, heat and gas inside the soil to ensure that the soil structure in the long-term ventilation, water permeability, The most important point is that the soil structure can only ensure the soil moisture content under long-term no-tillage and continuous capillary water infiltration. The porosity, temperature and feeding rate are always stable and appropriate. At the same time, the technical system of natural no-tillage can be divided into four major measures: continuous no tillage, continuous ridge planting, continuous infiltration and continuous vegetation. Finally, it is pointed out that China’s soil and water conservation should consider the principle of two-legged walking. First, the natural no-tillage method is the most economical and effective way to prevent the damage caused by erosion. The other is to construct various farmland water conservancy and afforestation projects to prevent ecological environment further deterioration.