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众所周知,中国是一个古老文明的国家,它有着灿灿的文化,无数的文化遗产可以为她作证,但令人遗憾的是我国的许多文物和瑰宝由于外国的侵略和抢劫以及其他原因(如走私或非法出口)而流失于异国他乡。就外国的侵略掠夺而言,最野蛮的,震惊世界的对中国文化遗产的掠夺要算是1860年英法联军在侵华战争中,对我国历经清朝几代皇帝苦心经营了150年、凝聚了全中国人民的血汗、代表着中国辉煌、灿烂文化、艺术的宝库,被西方誉为“万国之国”的圆明园的放火烧荒和疯狂地夺取。这种大规模地毁坏和抢劫文化遗产行为,不仅毁掉了一座具有世界文化、艺术价值的圆明园建筑,而且使其内的各种文物被英法军队抢走或毁坏,许多被抢劫的文物至今尚未得到归还。例如,园中的十二兽首人身的生肖,除今年4月30日和5月2日被香港佳士得和苏富比拍卖行拍卖的青铜牛首、青铜猴首和青铜虎首外,还有7件失落者未归。我国的文物除因外国侵略抢劫而流失外,还因外国人或者国人通过走私或其他不正当手段运出中国而流于外国。
As we all know, China is an ancient and civilized country with a splendid culture and countless cultural heritages testifying to her. However, it is regrettable that many of our relics and treasures have suffered from foreign aggression and robbery and other reasons such as smuggling Or illegal exports) and lost in a foreign country. In the case of foreign aggression and plundering, the most brutal and world-shaking plunder of China’s cultural heritage is regarded as the 1860 Anglo-French Forces in the war of aggression against China, after 150 years of painstaking efforts of our country through generations of emperors of the Qing Dynasty, The blood and sweat of the people represent the treasure house of China’s brilliant, splendid culture and art. It has been destructed wildly and frantically by the Yuanmingyuan Garden, which the West has ever called “the country of thousands of nations.” Such mass destruction and looting of cultural heritages not only ruined a Yuanmingyuan building with world culture and artistic value, but also caused all kinds of cultural relics within it to be snatched or destroyed by British and French troops. Many artifacts that have been looted have not yet been discovered Get returned. For example, the zodiac signs of the twelve beasts in the garden, except for the bronze head, bronze monkey head and bronze tiger auctioned at auction by Christie’s and Sotheby’s Hong Kong on April 30 and May 2 this year, Lost who did not return pieces. In addition to the loss of cultural relics in our country due to foreign aggression and robbery, foreign nationals or Chinese also come abroad because of smuggling or other improper means to transport them out of China.