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WTO争端解决机制在处理国际贸易纠纷方面的成绩有目共睹,但18年的实践也暴露出一些问题。有些问题因涉及WTO成员利益的再平衡,一时难以解决;但另一些问题属于WTO争端解决机制在程序设计上的缺陷,是“技术性”的,解决的难度不是很大。据此,作者指出了关于DSU第21条和第22条的适用顺序、专家组和上诉机构的工作时限,以及通过仲裁确定专家组/上诉机构报告执行期限等规定中存在的设计缺陷,并就上述缺陷提出了修正建议。
The achievements of the WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism in handling international trade disputes are evident to all, but some 18 years of practice have also exposed some problems. Some issues are difficult to be resolved due to the rebalancing of the interests of the WTO members involved. However, some other issues fall into the category of “technical” defects in procedural design of the WTO dispute settlement mechanism, and their resolution is not very difficult. Accordingly, the author points out the design flaws with respect to the order of application of articles 21 and 22 of the DSU, the time frame of work of the panel of experts and appellate bodies, and the determination of the deadline for the enforcement of the report of the panel / appellate body through arbitration, The above defects suggest amendments.