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英语与汉语是两种不同语系的语言。英语属印欧语系(Indo-European Family),文字是拼音文字(orthographic spelling),而汉语属于汉藏语系(Sino-Ti-betan Family),文字则是表意文字(ideographic character)。对于以汉语为母语,以英语为外语的中国学生来说,掌握好这两种语言的字词对应关系,研究其对应规律,是非常重要的。研究英汉字词对应的现象,主要是从英语的词的意义、词的搭配能力、词的次序和词的分类等四个方面来看它们在汉语中的对应情况。
English and Chinese are two different languages. English belongs to the Indo-European Family. Text is orthographic spelling. Chinese is a Sino-Ti-betan Family. Text is ideographic character. For Chinese students who use Chinese as their mother tongue and English as their foreign language, it is very important to master the correspondence between the two languages and to study their corresponding laws. To study the correspondence between English and Chinese words and sentences is to find out how they correspond in Chinese from four aspects: the meaning of words in English, the collocation of words, the order of words and the classification of words.