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在石油钻探工作中,每钻完一口井,都要根据井下油气储藏情况,决定是否下套管。在下套管过程中,为了使管内外的液柱保待一定的平衡关系,需要往套管内灌注泥浆。80年代以前,国内各油田进行该项作业时均采用人工灌注方式,即每下完一根或数根套管,就利用管线向套管灌一次泥浆。那样做既费时又费力,同时往往还由于工人疲劳或思想不集中,时有少灌或漏灌泥浆的现象发生。如果一口井发生漏灌几百米井深的灌浆量,那么,套管下部将容易被挤偏或使凡尔球(尼龙材料)蹩入套管内,随之严重的井下事故即将发生。
In the oil drilling work, every drilling a well, according to underground oil and gas reservoir, decide whether to casing. In the process of casing, in order to ensure that the liquid column inside and outside the tube to maintain a certain balance between the needs of the casing into the mud. Before the 1980s, all oilfields in the country used artificial perfusion to carry out this operation. That is, one or several casing pipes were used for each operation, and a slurry was injected into the casing pipe by pipeline. This is both time-consuming and labor-intensive, and often due to fatigue or lack of concentration in the workforce, there is often a phenomenon of less irrigation or leaking mud. If a well is flooded with a depth of several hundred meters of grout, the lower part of the casing will be easily squeezed or the Vernier ball (nylon material) will be trapped inside the casing, with a serious downhole accident occurring.