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地方政府放权有其特殊的政治、经济、社会、文化等方面的背景。放权行为作为行政权力的纵向分配,一方面是民主政治发展的结果,另一方面又促进民主政治的进一步发展,有利于行政效能的最大发挥。从行政法学的角度来界定,地方政府的放权行为兼具内部行政与外部行政两者特征,且有行政授权与行政委托的分别,这将决定放权过程中应尽的义务及放权后的责任归属。从依法行政的角度,将地方政府的放权行为纳入严格的法治程序,加强放权后的监督制约,并适时引入绩效评估体系,无疑对规范地方政府的放权行为产生重要的意义。
Local government decentralization has its own special political, economic, social and cultural background. As the vertical distribution of administrative power, decentralization is the result of the development of democratic politics on the one hand and promotes the further development of democratic politics on the other hand and is conducive to the maximization of administrative efficiency. From the perspective of administrative jurisprudence, the decentralization of local government combines the characteristics of both internal and external administration with the distinction between administrative authorization and administrative authorization, which will determine the due obligations in the process of delegation and the assignment of responsibility after delegation . From the perspective of administration according to law, it is of great significance to standardize the decentralization of local government by incorporating the decentralization of local governments into the strict legal procedure, strengthening supervision and restriction after de-delegation, and introducing performance evaluation system in due course.