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聚落考古是中国考古学的主体与核心。正确认识聚落考古学的任务与路线,是做好聚落考古的关键前提。一、聚落考古的基础任务张忠培先生指出,聚落考古基本内涵包括五个方面:“其一,是单一聚落形态、布局及结构的个案研究;其二,是同一考古学文化同时期聚落的分布及其相互关系的探讨;其三,是同一考古学文化不同时期或同一谱系不同时代的诸考古学文化的聚落形态、布局、结构和聚落分布的研究;其四,是不同谱系同时期诸考古学文化的聚落的相互关系,以及这类聚落形态、布局、结构,和它们异、同的探索;其五,是聚落与生态环境的关系。”~([1])
Settlement archeology is the main body and core of Chinese archeology. To correctly understand the tasks and routes of settlement archeology is the key prerequisite for settlement archeology. First, the basic tasks of settlement archeology Mr. Zhang Zhongpei pointed out that the basic connotation of settlement archeology includes five aspects: First, the case study of the single settlement morphology, layout and structure; second, the distribution of the same archeological culture in the same period And their interrelationship; the third is the study on the settlement patterns, layouts, structures and settlements of archeological cultures in different periods of the same archeology or in different periods of the same pedigree; fourthly, The relationship between settlements and cultural settlements, as well as the exploration of such settlement forms, layouts, structures, and their differences and similarities; and the fifth is the relationship between settlements and the ecological environment.