20世纪末国民健康服务的改革,使英国的健康政策发生了重大变化。但是,无论是20世纪90年代初保守党的社区照顾改革,还是工党“第三条道路”的调整,都没有改变由国家提供民众健康照顾的责任,1948年所确立的“普遍性”和“免费原则”仍然得以保持。但是,这种可能的理想与现实之间存在着落差,或者说,最初建立的这些原则已经受到了削弱。国民健康服务的未来已经呈现出明显的趋势,即逐步远离凯恩斯主义的福利国家模式,更多强调地方政府的责任以及重视私人部门和慈善组织的作用等。 The reform of the National Health Service at the end of the 20th century has brought about major changes in the UK’s health policy. However, both the Conservative Party’s community care reform in the early 1990s and the Labour Party’s “third road” adjustment did not change the responsibility of providing health care to the people. The “universality” established in 1948 The “” and “free” principles are still maintained. However, there is a gap between this possible ideal and reality, or the principles that were initially established have been weakened. The future of the National Health Service has shown a clear trend, namely, gradually moving away from the Keynesian welfare state model, emphasizing the responsibility of local governments and attaching importance to the role of the private sector and charitable organizations.