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目的探讨控制麻疹发病策略及措施,评价麻疹疫苗强化免疫效果。方法对汉阳区2009年10月8月龄~14周岁目标儿童实施麻疹强化免疫情况分析,评价强化免疫效果。结果全区调查摸底目标儿童63 520例,实际接种61 241例,其中报告接种率为96.41%,估算接种率为94.38%,D值(0.02)<0.05,报告接种率可信;快速评估接种率为96.11%,第三方评估接种率为94.48%,较报告接种率差异均无统计学意义;常住儿童报告接种率为96.37%,流动儿童报告接种率为96.57%,差异无统计学意义;强化免疫后麻疹报告发病率明显下降;麻疹抗体水平监测强化后阳性率为92.26%。结论控制和消除麻疹发病,除加强传染源(患者)管理外,最有效的措施是强化易感人群麻疹疫苗接种工作,提高人群免疫水平,构筑目标人群免疫屏障,加强麻疹疫情及健康人群麻疹抗体水平监测,保护儿童健康。
Objective To explore the strategies and measures to control the incidence of measles and to evaluate the effect of measles vaccine in boosting immunity. Methods A case-control study was conducted in Hanyang District from October 2009 to August 2010 to assess the effect of intensive immunization. Results The survey of 63 520 target children in the district was completed, with 61 241 actual inoculations, of which the reported inoculation rate was 96.41%, the estimated inoculation rate was 94.38%, the D value (0.02) <0.05, and the reported inoculation rate was credible. The rate of third-party assessment was 94.48%, there was no significant difference among the reported inoculation rates; the reported rate of resident children was 96.37%; the reported rate of infants was 96.57%, the difference was not statistically significant; The incidence of hives after measles decreased significantly; the positive rate of measles antibody was 92.26%. Conclusion The most effective measures to control and eliminate the incidence of measles are to strengthen the measles vaccination of susceptible population, raise the population immunity level, construct the immune barrier of the target population, strengthen the measles epidemic situation and the measles antibody of healthy population Level monitoring to protect children’s health.