科技的飞速发展，尤其是信息技术对企业的经营活动及人们的思维方式产生的革命性影响，已使传统的组织设计很难快速适应环境的变化和响应顾客的需求，在这种背景下，各种管理方法及理论（如ＪＩＴ、ＴＱＭ等）便应运而生。这些方法已将“顾客”引入管理的目标矩阵，然而都... The rapid development of science and technology, especially the revolutionary impact of information technology on the business activities of enterprises and people's way of thinking, has made the traditional organizational design difficult to quickly adapt to changes in the environment and respond to customer needs. Against this background, A variety of management methods and theories (such as JIT, TQM, etc.) came into being. These approaches have introduced “customers” into the management's goal matrix, yet both ...