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目的掌握大连市猩红热流行趋势,为制订防制工作策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对大连市2004—2012年猩红热疫情资料进行分析。结果 2004—2012年大连市累计报告猩红热6 839例,年均发病率为12.44/10万;年均发病率城区(24.49/10万)高于农村(5.50/10万),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。发病时间相对集中在5—7月(2 251例,占32.91%)和11—12月(1 721例,占25.16%)。男性4 220例,女性2 619例,男女性别比为1.61∶1;男性发病率为15.21/10万,女性发病率为9.61/10万,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。发病年龄主要集中在4~7岁年龄组,共报告4 419例,占总病例数的64.61%;其中6~7岁年龄组发病率最高(222.92/10万),其次为4~5岁(216.45/10万)。托幼儿童发病3 432例,占50.18%;学生发病2 779例,占40.63%。结论托幼儿童、学生是大连市猩红热防治的重点人群。
Objective To grasp the epidemic trend of scarlet fever in Dalian and provide a scientific basis for formulating the strategy of prevention and control work. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic data of scarlet fever in Dalian from 2004 to 2012. Results A total of 6 839 cases of scarlet fever were reported in Dalian from 2004 to 2012, with an average annual incidence of 12.44 / 100 000. The average annual incidence was 24.49 / 100 000 in urban areas and 5.50 / 100 000 in rural areas, with significant differences (P <0.01). The onset time was relatively concentrated in May-July (2 251 cases, accounting for 32.91%) and 11-12 months (1721 cases, accounting for 25.16%). There were 4 220 males and 2 619 females, with a male / female ratio of 1.61: 1. The incidence of males was 15.21 / 100 000, and the incidence of females was 9.61 / 100 000 with significant difference (P <0.01). The age of onset was mainly in the age group of 4 to 7 years old, 4 419 cases were reported, accounting for 64.61% of the total number of cases; of which 6 to 7 years old group had the highest incidence (222.92 / 100000), followed by 4-5 years 216.45 / 100,000). There were 3 432 cases of kindergarten children, accounting for 50.18%; 2 779 cases of students, accounting for 40.63%. Conclusion Nursery children, students are the focus of prevention and treatment of scarlet in Dalian City.