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双苄基异喹啉类生物碱(Bisbenzylisoquinoline,BBI)在植物界中分布很广,现已在13科41属139种高等植物中分离出该类生物碱。我国有9科17属植物含有这种生物碱,从应用价值看主要集中在防己科、毛茛科和小檗科三个类群植物中。Guha等总结了1977年以前报道的186种成分,按结构分26类。Schiff接续Guha总结了1978～1981年间38种新成分和1982～1985年间32种新成分。鉴于BBI生物碱具有抗菌、抗炎、抗癌、降压、肌肉松弛和调节免疫功能等广而强的生理活性,植物资源又如此丰富,因此国际上对其研究很活跃。国内文献曾介绍了Guha的总结,着重于化学降解法,而大量应用的光谱法很少报道。为此,仅就BBI生物碱的结构研究方法简述如下。
Bisbenzylisoquinoline (BBI) is widely distributed in the plant kingdom and is now isolated from 13 families, 41 genera and 139 species of higher plants. There are 9 families and 17 genera of plants in our country which contain this alkaloid. In application value, they mainly concentrate in three groups of plants of Tetranychus, Ranunculaceae and Berberidaceae. Guha et al. Summarized the 186 components reported before 1977 and classified them into 26 categories. Schiff continued Guha summarizing 38 new components from 1978 to 1981 and 32 new components from 1982 to 1985. Given the broad and strong physiological activity of BBI alkaloids such as anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antihypertensive, muscle relaxation and immune function regulation, BBI alkaloids are so rich in their resources that they are active in the world. Domestic literature has introduced Guha’s summary, focusing on chemical degradation method, and widely used spectroscopy rarely reported. Therefore, only the structure of BBI alkaloids research methods are summarized as follows.