早期诊断是防治恶性肿瘤的关键之一,因此开展群众性的普查是肿瘤防治者的工作方向。食管癌、喷门癌、胃癌大面积普查时,应用拉网、X线造影,胃镜检查等还不够经济、简便、易为群众所接受,因此,找寻简易、经济、阳性率高、准确性大的筛诊方法,仍然是肿瘤防治研究工作的一个重要课题。目前所采用的一些简易、经济、群众愿意接受的生化、免疫检查法,对食管、喷门和 Early diagnosis is one of the keys to the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors. Therefore, conducting a mass survey is the direction of work for cancer preventers. In the general survey of esophageal cancer, gated cancer, and gastric cancer, the use of wire mesh, X-ray radiography, and gastroscopy are not economical, simple, and easily accepted by the general public. Therefore, the search for simplicity, economy, high positive rates, and high accuracy The screening method is still an important issue in cancer prevention research. Some of the simple, economical, and biochemical tests that the people are willing to accept, as well as esophageal, sputum, and