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利率即一定时期内利息额与借贷资金的比率,它是资金的价格。利率市场化是要解决利率的形成机制问题,使利率由市场机制决定,而不是由政府决定。但我国过去在计划经济时期,基本上没有资金市场,资金按计划使用,利率由官方制定,并受到严格控制,利率很少变动。这种利率制度导致的后果是资金的浪费。我国加入 WTO 后,经济市场化与国际化的程度将进一步提高,因此对利率市场化的要求也更为迫切。
Interest rate is the ratio of interest and borrowing funds over a period of time, which is the price of the funds. Market-based interest rate is to solve the formation mechanism of interest rates, the interest rate determined by the market mechanism, rather than the government decision. However, in the past during the planned economy in our country, there were basically no capital markets, capital was used on schedule, interest rates were set by the government, and were strictly controlled with little change in interest rates. The consequences of this interest rate system is the waste of funds. After China’s accession to the WTO, the degree of marketization and internationalization of the economy will further increase, so the demand for the marketization of interest rates will be even more urgent.