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本文以分析哲学方法从事对宋明理学的道德观与当代道德心理学的比较研究。以张载与二程的道德理论为案例,本文解析宋明理学的道德论如何可以用现代道德心理学的辞语和当代认知科学所考虑的问题来重新建构诠释。两者交集的重点在于道德自我的建立与道德人格的发展。本人作这种比较研究的用意是希望让宋明理学能更贴切地对应当代哲学对人类道德之本性、基础以及发展的探讨。宋明理学对现代的重要议题如道德的动机如何建立,道德教育如何完成,道德自我如何肯定,以及道德世界如何实现等,都应会有很好的答案。
This article uses analytic philosophical methods to engage in a comparative study of the ethics of Song Ming Neo-Confucianism and contemporary moral psychology. Taking Zhang Zai and Er Cheng’s moral theory as a case, this paper analyzes how the moral theory of Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties can be reconstructed with the rhetoric of modern moral psychology and the issues considered in contemporary cognitive science. The focal point of the two lies in the establishment of moral self and the development of moral personality. My intention of this comparative study is to make Neo-Confucianism Neo-Confucianism more aptly correspond to the discussion of the nature, foundation and development of human morality by contemporary philosophy. Neo-Confucianism should have a very good answer to the important topics of modern times, such as how to set up moral motives, how to complete moral education, how to affirm moral self, and how to realize the moral world.