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观察近年来国际专利申请的趋势,专利申请数量大为提升,使得未审结专利数量累积迅速,即使各国~([1])采取相应措施,积案数量仍高居不下,已经造成诸多负面影响,例如对发明人造成严重的威胁,降低发明人的发明诱因。根据一项研究显示,全球经济每年因专利审查迟延已经造成76亿英镑的损失。观察国际上的做法,基本上可分为个别专利局提升内部审查效率与专利局之间相互合作两大类。就个别专利局而言,做法有增加审查人员、提供加速审查制度、委托专利局以外的单位代为检索、同侪审查制度及提高专利局预算等措施;而专利局间的合作则有专利合作条约、建构一统的世界专利、成立区域专利合作组织以及专利局间双边共享审查结果等做法。其中以专利局间的合作效益较为明显,尤其以欧洲专利合作模式与专利审查高速公路的成效最受肯定。
Observing the trend of international patent applications in recent years, the number of patent applications has risen dramatically, resulting in the rapid accumulation of unsettled patents. Even if all countries ([1]) take corresponding measures, the number of cumulative claims is still high, which has caused many negative effects, for example, The inventor posed a serious threat to reduce the inventor’s inventive incentive. According to one study, the global economy has caused an annual loss of £ 7.6 billion due to the delay in patent examination. Observing the international practice can basically be divided into two categories: the individual patent offices to enhance the efficiency of internal review and the cooperation between patent offices. In the case of individual patent offices, there are measures such as increasing the number of censors, providing an accelerated censorship system, entrusting units other than the patent office to search, peer reviewing systems and increasing the budget of the patent office. Patent cooperation agreements exist between patent offices, The construction of unifying world patents, the establishment of regional patent cooperation organizations and the sharing of examination results between bilateral patent offices. Among them, the cooperation between the patent offices is more obvious, especially the effectiveness of the European patent cooperation model and patent examination of the expressway.