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为明确大气CO2浓度升高对不同品种大豆产量形成的影响差异,本研究以正常大气CO2浓度为对照,利用开顶式气候箱模拟大气CO2浓度升高至550μmol·mol-1,解析了1950~2006年间推广的8个大豆品种在CO2浓度550μmol·mol-1条件下的产量形成差异。结果表明:大气CO2浓度升高后,大豆地上生物量平均增加46.1%,产量平均增加37.8%;不同大豆品种产量增加幅度存在差异,增幅最小的品种合交4号仅为0.6%,增幅最大的品种小黄金达到95.3%;CO2浓度升高对收获指数影响不大,只有绥农9号显著增加。大豆产量构成要素在大气CO2浓度升高后也有所增加,株高平均增加15 cm,节数增加未达到显著水平(P>0.05);大豆的总荚数和粒数增加明显,分别增加了42.9%和37.0%。不同产量构成要素对大豆高CO2条件下的产量增加的贡献不同,相关分析证明三粒荚数、总荚数和粒数的增加与大豆产量增加具有显著相关关系(P<0.05)。利用逐步回归法分析发现大气CO2升高后大豆产量的增加幅度可以用粒数和产量间的回归方程进行估计y=0.175x+0.102(P<0.05;R2=0.792)。
In order to clarify the difference of the effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 on the yield of different varieties of soybean, the atmospheric CO2 concentration in the open atmosphere was used to simulate the atmospheric CO2 concentration increased to 550μmol · mol-1, The yield of 8 soybean varieties popularized in 2006 under the CO2 concentration of 550 μmol · mol-1 was different. The results showed that after the atmospheric CO2 concentration increased, the aboveground biomass of soybean increased 46.1% on average and the yield increased 37.8% on average. The yield increase of different soybean varieties differed with the increase of CO2 concentration, the only increase was 0.6% Variety of small gold reached 95.3%; CO2 concentration had little effect on the harvest index, only Suinong 9 significantly increased. The components of soybean yield also increased after the atmospheric CO2 concentration increased, with an average increase of 15 cm in plant height and no significant increase in the number of segments (P> 0.05). The total pods and grains of soybean increased significantly by 42.9% % And 37.0%. The contribution of different yield components to the increase of soybean yield under high CO2 was different. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between the increase of three pods, total pods and grain number and soybean yield (P <0.05). Using stepwise regression analysis, it was found that the increase of soybean yield after atmospheric CO2 increase can be estimated by the regression equation between grain yield and yield y = 0.175x + 0.102 (P <0.05; R2 = 0.792).