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目的了解江西省2008年实施扩大国家免疫规划后疫苗接种情况。方法采用分层按容量比例概率抽样方法,对全省11个设区市、21个县(市、区)、375个乡镇的2岁组和7岁组儿童进行接种情况调查。结果共调查8 780名儿童,其中2岁组和7岁组各4 390名,建证率100.0%,建卡率99.7%,卡证相符率84.4%;2岁组卡证相符率明显高于7岁组,不同年龄组城市地区的卡证相符率均高于农村。全省不同年龄组国家免疫规划疫苗接种率均>95.0%。2岁组除百白破、甲肝合格接种率低于90%以外,其余各疫苗合格接种率均高于90%;7岁组除卡介苗、乙肝、白破的合格接种率高于90%外,其余各疫苗合格接种率均低于90%。7岁组中,城市与农村地区的乙肝首针及时率有统计学差异。2岁组和7岁组麻疹首针及时率均较低(69.8%和66.9%),两组间有统计学差异。结论自实施扩大国家免疫规划后,全省国家免疫规划疫苗接种率、建证率、建卡率及乙肝首针及时接种率均较高,但仍存在合格接种率、卡证相符率、麻疹首针及时接种率较低的问题。
Objective To understand the situation of vaccination in Jiangxi Province after the implementation of the expanded national immunization program in 2008. Methods The stratified sampling method was used to investigate the inoculation of children in 11 districts and cities, 21 counties (cities and districts), 375 townships in China in 2-year-old group and 7-year-old group. Results A total of 8,780 children were investigated, of whom 4 390 were 2-year-old and 7-year-old respectively. The rate of establishing card was 100.0%, card rate was 99.7%, card matching rate was 84.4%, card matching rate of 2-year-old group was significantly higher 7-year-old group, urban areas in different age groups card match rate is higher than in rural areas. Vaccination rates of national immunization programs of different age groups across the province were> 95.0%. 2-year-old group except Baibaban, hepatitis A qualified vaccination rate of less than 90%, the remaining eligible vaccination rate of each vaccine were higher than 90%; 7-year group except BCG, hepatitis B, white broken qualified vaccination rate was higher than 90% The remaining vaccination rate of qualified vaccines are less than 90%. In the 7-year-old group, there was a statistically significant difference in the prompt first-dose rate of hepatitis B between urban and rural areas. The first needles of measles in 2-year-old group and 7-year-old group were both lower in duration (69.8% and 66.9%), with statistical difference between the two groups. Conclusion Since the implementation of the expansion of the national immunization program, the vaccination coverage rate, construction card rate and the first vaccination rate of hepatitis B in the national immunization program have been relatively high throughout the province. However, there are still some cases such as the eligible vaccination rate, the card matching rate, Needle timely vaccination rate is low.