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20世纪90年代以来,俄罗斯和东欧转型国家几乎全部经历过严重的银行业危机。与出现危机的其他国家相比,这些国家的危机表现出转型中市场机制诸多不完善,市场约束无法有效控制银行风险是导致危机的重要原因。研究选择以制度分析为视角,分析转型国家银行业危机形成与演变特征,揭示阻碍市场约束发挥作用的多种制度因素。在总结转型国家案例经验的基础上,提出中国银行业体制改革中有效发挥市场约束的建议。
Almost all of the transition countries in Russia and Eastern Europe have experienced serious banking crises since the 1990s. Compared with other countries in crisis, the crises in these countries show many imperfections in the market mechanism under transformation and the fact that market constraints can not effectively control bank risks is an important cause of the crisis. From the perspective of institutional analysis, this study analyzes the formation and evolution of the banking crisis in transition countries and reveals various institutional factors that hinder market constraints. On the basis of summing up the experience of the countries in transition countries, this paper puts forward the suggestion of effectively exerting market restraint in the reform of banking system in China.