甲状腺癌占美国儿童和青少年恶性肿瘤的2.9%,年发病率为1.75/10万。尽管儿童甲状腺癌为较晚期病变,却比成年人预后好。本文总结Anderson癌中心39年(1949～1987年)医治青少年甲状腺癌的经验。共计117例病人,平均年龄16岁(5～19岁),女∶男为2.9∶1。3%的病人有甲状腺癌家族史,20%的病人既往有放疗史,从放疗到首次诊断甲状腺癌的平均时间为11年。最常见症状是单个无痛性颈部肿块,40%在甲状腺,60%为区域淋巴结转移灶。声嘶和吞咽困难者均只占4%,未发现甲状腺功能障碍的征象。症状出现时间从1个月到10年,平均14.5个月。体检甲状腺肿块平均直径2.3cm,91%为单发。肿块固定和声带麻痹者有2%,40%的病人临床上无淋巴结累及,13% Thyroid cancer accounts for 2.9% of children and adolescent malignancies in the United States, with an annual incidence of 1.75 per 100,000. Although thyroid cancer in children is a more advanced disease, it has a better prognosis than adults. This article summarizes the experience of treating adolescent thyroid cancer in Anderson Cancer Center for 39 years (1949-1987). A total of 117 patients, with an average age of 16 years (5 to 19 years old) and a female: male ratio of 2.9 to 1. 3% of patients had a family history of thyroid cancer, 20% of patients had previous radiotherapy history, from radiotherapy to first diagnosis of thyroid cancer The average time is 11 years. The most common symptom is a single painless neck mass, 40% in the thyroid, and 60% in regional lymph node metastases. Only 4% of patients with hoarseness and dysphagia had no signs of thyroid dysfunction. The onset of symptoms ranged from 1 month to 10 years with an average of 14.5 months. Physical examination of thyroid mass average diameter of 2.3cm, 91% for a single. There are 2% of patients with fixed masses and vocal cord paralysis. 40% of patients do not have clinically involved lymph nodes, 13%