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1978,James等报道了7例表现为高热、皮疹、恶心呕吐和低血压症状群的儿童患者,首先引出了毒素休克综合征的概念。之后不久,很多学者发现本症多发生于年轻妇女经期后,特别是经期使用阴道塞(Tempons)者。推测阴道塞的使用致经血排出不畅,而阴道内细菌生长繁殖并侵袭入血导致本症的发生。后来进一步的研究证实本症是葡萄球菌产生的毒素所致,并已分离出产生毒素的菌株,其毒素为球菌性肠毒素F和致热原性外毒素C。它们均为分子量很低的糖蛋白,易于穿过完整的粘膜致病,除其直接的毒性
In 1978, James et al. Reported on seven children with high fever, rash, nausea and vomiting and low blood pressure symptoms, and first introduced the concept of toxin shock syndrome. Shortly thereafter, many scholars found that the disease occurred in young women more often after menstruation, especially during menstruation with Tempons. It is speculated that the use of vaginal plug caused by poor menstrual discharge, and vaginal bacterial growth and invasion into the bloodstream lead to the occurrence of this disease. Later further studies confirmed that the disease is caused by toxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus, and has isolated toxin-producing strains, toxins for cocci enterotoxin F and pyrogenic exotoxin C. They are all very low molecular weight glycoproteins that are easily pathogenic across intact mucosa, except for their immediate toxicity