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【中图分类号】G633.41 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2095-3089（2014）05-0121-01
英语中主语和谓语动词之间的数的一致关系是比较难掌握的。通常情况下，主语的单、复形式决定着谓语动词采取相应的形式，但在运用中却会遇到复杂的情况，现介绍如下： 1.谓语动词必须与作主语的名词的人称或人称代词人称和数保持一致。如： Comrade Chen teaches us English The children are watching TV now. 2.两个单数主语用and 连接，谓语动词用复数。如： Tom and Jack are playing table tennis. 但当and 联接的两个主语只表示一个人、一件事或一个概念，谓语动词用单数。如： The teacher and writer is coming here. 如果and 连接的几个单数名词用no、each或every等词修饰，谓语动词则用单数。如： No bird and no beast is seen in that island. 3.many a 或more than one 修饰主语时，谓语动词多用单数。如： Many a student has done this. More than one person was playing basketball on the playground. 4.由as well as、together with、no less than 等短语连接的两个主语，谓语动词要和前面的主语保持一致。如： He as well as you is wrong. Mr. Green，together with his wife and children has come to China. The audience was no less than five thousand. 5.用or、either…or…、neither…nor…、not only…but also…等连接的两个单数主语，谓语动词与最邻近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。如： Neither he nor I have been to Beijing. Either he or his wife hasn?蒺t come. Not only his father but also his friends are glad to help him. 6.由some、any 、no、every等词构成的合成词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如： There is nobody in the room. Something is wrong with my watch. 7.如果名词词组中心词是all、most、half或the rest,其主谓一致关系应根据所表达的意思来确定。如果所指的是单数意思，谓语动词应用单数形式；如果所指的是复数意思，谓语动词则用复数形式。如： Half of the building has been built these years. Half of the students are boys in our class. 8.代词both、a few、many作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如： Both are doing their maths exercises. 但代词such、either、neither或much作主语时则用单数形式。如： Neither of us has been to the Great Wall. 9.a kind of+名词、this kind of+名词，无论名词是单复数形式，谓语动词都用单数。如： There is a kind of rose(或roses) in the park. 有时kind of 之前的限定词和之后的名词都是复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。如： Those kinds of flowers are very beautiful. 但all kinds of, many kinds of后跟名词复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。如： All kinds of birds went there. 10.a number of后接名词时须用复数形式，而the number of 则用单数形式。如： A number of students are playing football on the playground now. The number of birds is two hundred. 11.主语是表示抽象概念的动词不定式、动名词或从句时，谓语动词用单数。如： To learn English well isn’t easy. Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. 12.复数词形的单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如： Physics is a very interesting subject. 13.there、here引起的句子，如果有几个主语时，谓语动词形式应和最靠近的主语一致。如： There is a bed, two chairs and three desks in the room. There are three desks ,two chairs and a bed in the room. Here is a table， some chairs， and a few desks in the room. 14.表示数量、长度、时间、重量等复数名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。如： Five minutes is enough. Five thousand dollars is more than I can afford. 15.集体名词作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待时，谓语动词用单数。如果作为一个个成员来考虑，则用复数形式。如： The family are watching TV in the room. My family is a big one 16.people、police作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如： Several hundred police are on duty. 17.两个作主语用的名词或代词由介词with连接时，谓语动词一般与with 前面的一个名词或代词的人称和数一致。如： A woman with a boy is coming this afternoon. 18.以定冠词the+形容词（或分词）作主语时，谓语动词单、复数形式往往根据所表达的意思来确定。如： The sick have been cured and the lost have been found. 19.one of +复数名词作主语时，谓语动词须用单数形式。如： One of the students has caught the thief. 20.单复数同形的一些名词，作主语时须根据所表达的意思来确定。如： One sheep is missing, the other three are under the tree. 21.what、who、which、more、all、none 等作主语时，谓语动词可用复数，也可用单数，视具体情况而定。如： None knows(know) what he has done. 22.在两个相加等于一个数的等式中，谓语动词用单复数均可。如： Three plus four is(are) seven. 23.在each…and each…或every…and every…之后的名词，谓语动词用单数。如： Each boy and each girl has a flower. 24.关系代词作宾语从句的主语时，从句的谓语动词必须与关系代词的先行词保持人称和数的一致。如： The man who is under the tree is my teacher. 25.某些不定代词为了避免必须标明性别的困难，可用复数形式。如： Every boy is ready now, aren?蒺t they?
英语中主语和谓语动词之间的数的一致关系是比较难掌握的。通常情况下，主语的单、复形式决定着谓语动词采取相应的形式，但在运用中却会遇到复杂的情况，现介绍如下： 1.谓语动词必须与作主语的名词的人称或人称代词人称和数保持一致。如： Comrade Chen teaches us English The children are watching TV now. 2.两个单数主语用and 连接，谓语动词用复数。如： Tom and Jack are playing table tennis. 但当and 联接的两个主语只表示一个人、一件事或一个概念，谓语动词用单数。如： The teacher and writer is coming here. 如果and 连接的几个单数名词用no、each或every等词修饰，谓语动词则用单数。如： No bird and no beast is seen in that island. 3.many a 或more than one 修饰主语时，谓语动词多用单数。如： Many a student has done this. More than one person was playing basketball on the playground. 4.由as well as、together with、no less than 等短语连接的两个主语，谓语动词要和前面的主语保持一致。如： He as well as you is wrong. Mr. Green，together with his wife and children has come to China. The audience was no less than five thousand. 5.用or、either…or…、neither…nor…、not only…but also…等连接的两个单数主语，谓语动词与最邻近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。如： Neither he nor I have been to Beijing. Either he or his wife hasn?蒺t come. Not only his father but also his friends are glad to help him. 6.由some、any 、no、every等词构成的合成词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如： There is nobody in the room. Something is wrong with my watch. 7.如果名词词组中心词是all、most、half或the rest,其主谓一致关系应根据所表达的意思来确定。如果所指的是单数意思，谓语动词应用单数形式；如果所指的是复数意思，谓语动词则用复数形式。如： Half of the building has been built these years. Half of the students are boys in our class. 8.代词both、a few、many作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如： Both are doing their maths exercises. 但代词such、either、neither或much作主语时则用单数形式。如： Neither of us has been to the Great Wall. 9.a kind of+名词、this kind of+名词，无论名词是单复数形式，谓语动词都用单数。如： There is a kind of rose(或roses) in the park. 有时kind of 之前的限定词和之后的名词都是复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。如： Those kinds of flowers are very beautiful. 但all kinds of, many kinds of后跟名词复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。如： All kinds of birds went there. 10.a number of后接名词时须用复数形式，而the number of 则用单数形式。如： A number of students are playing football on the playground now. The number of birds is two hundred. 11.主语是表示抽象概念的动词不定式、动名词或从句时，谓语动词用单数。如： To learn English well isn’t easy. Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. 12.复数词形的单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如： Physics is a very interesting subject. 13.there、here引起的句子，如果有几个主语时，谓语动词形式应和最靠近的主语一致。如： There is a bed, two chairs and three desks in the room. There are three desks ,two chairs and a bed in the room. Here is a table， some chairs， and a few desks in the room. 14.表示数量、长度、时间、重量等复数名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。如： Five minutes is enough. Five thousand dollars is more than I can afford. 15.集体名词作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待时，谓语动词用单数。如果作为一个个成员来考虑，则用复数形式。如： The family are watching TV in the room. My family is a big one 16.people、police作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如： Several hundred police are on duty. 17.两个作主语用的名词或代词由介词with连接时，谓语动词一般与with 前面的一个名词或代词的人称和数一致。如： A woman with a boy is coming this afternoon. 18.以定冠词the+形容词（或分词）作主语时，谓语动词单、复数形式往往根据所表达的意思来确定。如： The sick have been cured and the lost have been found. 19.one of +复数名词作主语时，谓语动词须用单数形式。如： One of the students has caught the thief. 20.单复数同形的一些名词，作主语时须根据所表达的意思来确定。如： One sheep is missing, the other three are under the tree. 21.what、who、which、more、all、none 等作主语时，谓语动词可用复数，也可用单数，视具体情况而定。如： None knows(know) what he has done. 22.在两个相加等于一个数的等式中，谓语动词用单复数均可。如： Three plus four is(are) seven. 23.在each…and each…或every…and every…之后的名词，谓语动词用单数。如： Each boy and each girl has a flower. 24.关系代词作宾语从句的主语时，从句的谓语动词必须与关系代词的先行词保持人称和数的一致。如： The man who is under the tree is my teacher. 25.某些不定代词为了避免必须标明性别的困难，可用复数形式。如： Every boy is ready now, aren?蒺t they?