莫奈:我的睡莲盛开永世

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  本文语速较快,适合学有余力的同学练习听力。几位叙述者善于用简单的语言描绘优美的画面,配乐与主题互相辉映,大家可以先通读全文并掌握生词,再多听几遍欣赏其中的韵味。
  
  Beginning of a Movement
  
  Claude Monet was, and still is, one of the most famous artists in the world. The French painter, who was born in Paris in 1840, was the most important figure in the movement of Impressionism, a 1)crucial style in the development of modern art.
  Monet’s family came up to the Normandy coast when he was very young, and so he spent all his 2)formative years up in this extraordinary light and 3)buffeted by this sort of wind. But, in fact, his first work that he did as an artist wasn’t painting nature, but instead, it was drawing 4)caricatures, silly sketches of local 5)dignitaries. And it was only when he was about 16 or 17 or so that he met a local landscape painter, called Boudin, who took him out of doors and actually showed him nature ?introduced him to the possibilities that you could actually paint what we see round us here. And he said that that was a moment that a 6)veil was torn from his eyes, and that was his future destiny laid out in front of him.
  Monet made up his mind to become an artist. In 1859, against his father’s will, the young man came to Paris to learn painting. There, he met several friends who later became the fathers of Impressionism. Their style was so different from other paintings at the time that their works were refused by every gallery. Therefore, the group of friends held their own exhibition in 1874. Monet’s painting, Impression, Sunrise, became the name of this new style.
  
  Dream of a Garden
  
  Monet and his family moved to Giverny in 1883. At that time, his works began to make some money. He could finally concentrate on another hobby ?gardening.
  Monet said that if he had not been a painter he would have been a 7)botanist, and that it was in fact flowers that led him to becoming an artist. It is these flowers which are like the dabbles注 of paint upon his own 8)palette, and it was 9)ultimately a place that he makes into a kind of Eden, where nature itself is going to be controlled by the human ?10)formally, of course, allowing it to have its own drama, he now can be the conductor of that 11)symphony.
  The first pictures of the garden are really just views of the garden, with the bridge in the middle and flowers and 12)foliage and trees round it. Then he gradually moves back and looks down into the water surface. The 13)horizon then appears just at the top. And then he abandons the horizon altogether, and we’re simply looking down into the surface of the water and watching the play of 14)reflections. And there, in the water, he finds the world of sky and clouds, really a whole universe. In a sense, we’re just tightly in this little and, in some ways, very intimate garden. But then you look down into the surface of the water, and everything opens out into this huge great, almost 15)cosmic space.
  


  
  Voice of a Time
  
  By 1899 Monet’s financial and social positions were secure, but his late years were by no means easy. He lost his step daughter and eldest son. Then in 1911, his second wife Alice Hosched?died.
  Monet stopped painting for two years. And then, as his flowers began to bloom in the Giverny garden in the spring of 1914, he took up the largest project of his entire career, attempting to realize the idea of creating paintings that would surround the walls in single rooms to 16)immerse viewers in the beauties and glories of his garden. And those pictures really arise from tragedy, but, of course, they begin in 1914, when he’s 73 years old, when the guns of August will tear its terrible thunder across Europe as a whole.
  When he’s here at home, working on these paintings, he’s terribly worried. He’s worried about his son; he’s worried about the people dying at the front; he’s worried about the meaning in his own life. As he writes in one letter, he says, “How can I possibly be involved with such 17)mundane matters as a choice of color or brushwork when people are dying for this country?”And thus, when we look at these water lily paintings, we have to realize that they are 18)imbued with the terrors and the 19)traumas of that moment.
  After 1907, 20)cataract and 21)rheumatism made it more and more impossible for him to paint. But he continued till his death. In 1926, at the age of 86, Monet died from lung cancer. The next year, his water lilies were shown to the public in the Musée de L’O rangerie.
  Pierre Georgel (Director): The architecture of the L’Orangerie has been conceived by Monet himself. He once had said that he would like the visitor to feel as if he had been immersed in an 22)aquarium, a flowered aquarium, he said. Constantly surrounded by painting, one had to dive in something fluid and boundless.
  By giving them to a permanent museum, he gave them to the public of the future with a very fine sense of 23)Utopia. He knew that this public to come would understand, would appreciate, would love them.
  Monet fan: I’ve never really seen a real Monet painting. All I’ve seen is posters, prints, calendars. But it would be a dream to see one in the flesh.
  When I walked into the room, it was just like “wham!”Everything was on top of me. My head went one way; my body went the other. I think a print can never, ever produce what this has made me feel, because a print doesn’t give me emotion this has.
  


  
  革新之始
  
  克洛德·莫奈从过去到现在一直是世界上最有名的艺术家之一。这位法国画家于1840年在巴黎出生,是印象主义运动中(现代艺术发展的重要风格)最举足轻重的人物。
  莫奈还很小的时候,他的一家搬到了(法国北部的)诺曼底海岸;他沐浴在这样美丽的阳光下,在这样的海风吹打下度过性格形成的(童年)时期。但事实上,他作为艺术家所从事的第一份工作并不是描绘自然,而是画讽刺漫画,给一些当地士绅画可笑的速写图。直到十六七岁,他才遇到当地的一个名叫布丹的风景画家。布丹将他领到户外,向他展现了自然之美,让他明白到自己其实可以将见到的景色画下来。莫奈说,当时就好像那片遮挡他视线的薄纱被卸了下来,自己的未来就这样呈现在眼前。
  莫奈决心要成为一名画家。1859年,这个年轻人在父亲的反对之下前往巴黎学画。在那里,他遇到几个朋友—这些人后来成了印象派的创始人。他们的风格和当时的画作相差太远,以致没有一家画廊肯接受他们的作品。他们于是在1874年自行举办了一次画展,而莫奈的作品《日出·印象》便成了这种新画风的代名词。
  
  花园之梦
  
  莫奈与家人于1883年搬到吉维尼镇。当时,他的画作开始能赚钱了。他终于可以醉心于自己的另一项兴趣—园艺。
  莫奈说,如果他没有成为一名画家,他会当植物学家;事实上,也正是花朵之美将他引领到艺术之路。这些花朵就像莫奈调色盘上的团团油彩,这里根本就是他创造的伊甸园,自然可以为人类所掌控—形式上,当然,他让自然尽情地演绎这场好戏,但他自己则是这场交响乐的总指挥。
  关于花园的第一批作品其实只是描绘这里的景观,中央是小桥,周围繁花似锦,绿叶青翠,树木葱郁。然后他慢慢后退,往下望向水面。水平线出现在画面上方,后来他连水平线都抛弃了。我们直接看向水面,看着倒影在水面嬉戏。在那里,在水中,他找到天空和云朵,甚至整个宇宙。从某种意义上来说,我们只是身处于这个小小的花园中。但当你朝水面望去,一切便豁然开朗,包罗万象。
  
  时代之声
  
  到1899年,莫奈有了比较固定的收入,社会地位也得到保证,但他的晚年过得并不轻松。他的继女和长子相继去世。1911年,他失去了第二任妻子爱丽丝·奥雪德。
  莫奈有两年不曾动笔。然后在1914年的春天,吉维尼花园里繁花盛放,他开始了职业生涯中最大的创作项目,要创作出可以挂在房间四面墙上的作品,让人身临其境地感受到其花园的美丽风采。这些画作源于他家庭的悲剧,但当然也是在1914年开始的创作,当时他73岁,八月的枪声在全欧洲的上空叱咤怒吼。
  当他在家作画时,他心里其实非常担心。他担心自己的儿子,惦记着在前线战死的人们,也对自己生命的意义愁绪万千。他在一封信中写道:“看到那么多人为国捐躯,我怎能还在考虑用哪种颜色和笔法这种世俗平凡的事情?”所以当我们欣赏这些睡莲作品时,我们必须意识到这些作品中渗透了那个时代的恐惧与创伤。
  1907年后,白内障和风湿使他的创作日益困难,但莫奈到临终前一直没有停笔。1926年,莫奈因肺癌病发去世,享年86岁。第二年,他的睡莲被展示在橘园博物馆中。
  皮埃尔·若热尔(橘园总监):橘园的建筑设计是莫奈自己的构想。他说希望让参观的人仿如置身于一个水族馆中,一个花海般的水族馆。若是常常被这些作品围绕,人们会觉得自己进入了一个流动变幻的无边世界。
  莫奈将作品捐给一个永久博物馆,也就是将它们交给了后代的世人,带着点乌托邦的味道。他知道现代的我们会理解,会欣赏,会热爱他的作品。
  莫奈迷:我从未见过莫奈的真迹。我见过的都是海报、印刷品、日历之类的。若能亲眼得见,可谓美梦成真。
  走进房间时,我只觉得“哇!”地一声。真是让人眼花缭乱。我的脑子想向东走,身体却想往西去。印刷品永远不会给我这样的感受,因为印刷品不能让我有这样的感动。
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